快读模板

template <typename T>  
inline bool read (T &ret) {  
    char c;  
    int sgn;  
    if (c = getchar(), c == EOF) return 0; //EOF  
    while (c != '-' && (c < '0' || c > '9') ) {
        if((c = getchar()) == EOF) return 0;
    }
    sgn = (c == '-') ? -1 : 1;  
    ret = (c == '-') ? 0 : (c - '0');  
    while (c = getchar(), c >= '0' && c <= '9') ret = ret * 10 + (c - '0');  
    ret *= sgn;  
    return 1;  
}  
template<typename T>
void print(T x) {
    static char s[33], *s1; s1 = s;
    if (!x) *s1++ = '0';
    if (x < 0) putchar('-'), x = -x;
    while(x) *s1++ = (x % 10 + '0'), x /= 10;
    while(s1-- != s) putchar(*s1);
}
template<typename T>
void println(T x) {
    print(x); putchar('\n');
}